Predictors of caregiver adherence to administration of amodiaquine during delivery of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Chad and Togo

Non-adherence to amodiaquine administration by caregivers has implications for the emergence of antimalarial resistance.

Background

Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children under-five in sub-Saharan Africa. In the Sahel, seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is delivered door-to-door in monthly cycles. In each cycle, children are administered sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) plus amodiaquine (AQ) on Day 1 by community distributors, and AQ on Day 2 and Day 3 by caregivers. Non-adherence to AQ administration by caregivers has implications for emergence of antimalarial resistance.

Methods

Predictors of non-adherence to administration of AQ on Day 2 and Day 3 among caregivers of children aged 3–59 months who had received Day 1 SP and AQ during the last 2020 SMC cycle (n = 12,730) were analysed using data from SMC coverage surveys in Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Togo, and fitting multivariate random-effects logistic regression models.

Results

Previous adverse reaction to SMC medicines by eligible children (OR: 0.29, 95% CI 0.24–0.36, p < 0.001), awareness of the importance of administering Day 2 and Day 3 AQ (OR: 2.19, 95% CI 1.69–2.82, p < 0.001), caregiver age, and home visits to caregivers delivered by the Lead Mothers intervention in Nigeria (OR: 2.50, 95% CI 1.93–2.24, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with caregiver adherence to Day 2 and Day 3 AQ administration.

Conclusions

Increasing caregivers’ knowledge of SMC and interventions such as Lead Mothers have the potential to improve full adherence to AQ administration.

Published in Malaria Journal

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Country: Burkina Faso | Chad | Nigeria | Togo

Keywords: Research | Malaria | SMC