Malaria Consortium's Pioneer project is training village health teams (VHTs) in Uganda, to use anti-malarials for treating patients with severe malaria. With mortality at its highest in the first 48 hours, an anti-malarial called rectal artesunate is used to treat severely ill patients, who are unable to take oral medicine before being referred to a health centre. The project works to reduce malaria morbidity and mortality, as well as increase the referral of severely ill children, by training VHTs to treat and refer severe cases.